文件类型：PPT/Microsoft Powerpoint 文件大小：字节
9/99
Welcome Trisha
to Wuhan University Library!
欢迎Trisha访问武汉大学图书馆!
The Effect of Copyright on Access to Electronic Resources
版权对获取电子资源的影响
Trisha L. Davis
The Ohio State University Libraries
俄亥俄州立大学图书馆
September 9, 2005
Wuhan University
Electronic Resources in Libraries
图书馆的电子资源
Library Web Sites 图书馆网站
Library and Consortia Catalogs
馆藏目录和联合目录
Full Text Databases 全文数据库
Electronic journals 电子期刊
E-Books 电子书
CD-ROMs and DVDs
Reader Preferences
读者的偏好
Desktop Access
桌面访问
Remote Access via the Internet
通过因特网远程访问
Integrated Searching
集成式检索
Ability to Use Digital Information in the Same Manner as Print Information
能象利用印刷文献那样利用数字信息
Library Challenges
对图书馆的挑战
Cost of Creating & Maintaining Online Sites
创建和维护网站的费用
Resources Needed to Provide Access to All Users
为所有用户提供访问服务所需的资源
Resources Needed to Assure Access Control
保证访问控制所需资源
Cost of Acquiring Materials in Digital Format
购买数字型资料的费用
Library Costs for Materials
图书馆采购资源的费用
Serials costs for US research libraries increased 210% between 1986-2001; the US average costs increased only 62%.
美国研究型图书馆1986至2001年连续出版物费用上涨210%;美国平均消费仅上涨62%
Book purchases declined by 9% between 1986-2000.
1986至2000年间,图书采购下降9%
US libraries used their budgets to maintain their journals collections.
美国图书馆利用预算经费维持期刊馆藏
Copyright vs Licensed Rights
版权与许可权
U.S. Copyright Law of 1976
美国1976版权法
Digital Millenium Copyright Act 0f 1998 (DMCA)
1998数字千年版权法案
U.S. Contract Law
美国合同法
U.S. Copyright Law
美国版权法
Bundle of 5 Rights 五项权利
Right to Reproduce – with exemption for libraries 复制权-图书馆免责
Right to Prepare Derivative Works – including abstracts, translations
创作衍生作品权-包括文摘,翻译
Right to Distribute 传播权
Right to Display Publicly 公开展示权
Right to Perform Publicly 公开表演权
Fair Use Exemption
合理使用免责
Right to Reproduce (and distribute on a limited basis) without permission of the copyright holder for:
不经版权所有者许可,复制(有限传播)的权利
Criticism 批评
Comment 评论
News reporting 新闻报道
Reaching – Scholarship – Research 学术研究
Home use 家庭使用
Fair Use Test
合理使用测试
4 Factor Test 测试的四因素
Commercial v. Non-Profit Use
商业与非盈利性使用
Number of Copies to be made
复制品的数量
Amount of Material copied
所复制材料的量
Effect on Market Potential
对市场潜力的影响
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
数字千年版权法案
Federal Law 联邦法
Does not allow creation of digital copies
禁止制作数字拷贝
Does not allow transmission of digital copies
For example, Google copying!
禁止传递数字拷贝,如Google copying.
Exemption for library preservation only.
仅图书馆保存资料可免责
Teach Act allows limited transmission of digital materials under very controlled situations
教育法案准许在严格控制的情形下有限传递数字资料
US Contract Law
美国合同法
Requires an "offer" of a sale or a lease of rights
要求一方出售或出租权利
Requires "acceptance" of contractual terms by both parties; may include negotiation of terms and counter-offers
要求双方接受合同条款;可以包括条款谈判和对等付出
Requires "consideration" which is a promise to exchange money, goods, or services
要求承诺交换金钱,商品或服务
Copyright vs Licensed Rights
版权与许可权
Contact law trumps copyright law
A signed license agreement can void Fair Use
合同法胜过版权法
签署许可协议可使合理使用条款无效
Copyright law applies to the sale of a copy
版权法应用于拷贝销售
Contract law governs leased rights
合同法支配出租权
Solution: Assure Fair Use rights are included in license agreement
解决方法:保证合理使用权利包含在许可协议中
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right to Use
使用的权利
Copyright Law
By purchaser, a borrower, any library patron
版权法
购买者,借阅者,任何图书馆用户
License Agreement
Only Authorized User or Users as defined in license
许可协议
仅授权用户或许可协议中定义的用户
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right to Make Copies
制作拷贝的权利
Copyright Law
By permission, Fair Use, ILL
版权法
经过允许,合理使用,馆际互借
License Agreement
By permission only (print or electronic)
No ILL if license fixes number of copies or defines Authorized Users
许可协议
仅经过允许(印刷或电子型)
如果协议规定拷贝数或定义授权用户,则禁止馆际互借
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right to Distribute
传播的权利
Copyright Law
By First Sale, Fair Use, ILL
版权法
通过首次销售,合理使用,馆际互借
License Agreement
By permission only
No copies distributed outside library, university,
No outside disclosure of information
许可协议
仅经过允许
禁止传播至图书馆,大学之外
禁止向外透露信息
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right of Performance or Display
表演或展示的权利
Copyright Law
Fair Use, Home Use, Face-to-Face Teaching
版权法
合理使用,家庭使用,面对面教授
License Agreement
Only Authorized User or Users as defined in license
许可协议
仅授权用户或许可协议中定义的用户
Potential Solution: Open Access
潜在的解决方法:开放获取
Two Definitions of Open Access
开放获取的两种定义
1st – Information freely available on the WWW; no limitations on use.
第一:信息在万维网上免费获取;无限制使用
This is not a viable option for most authors or publishers.
对多数作者和出版者来说不是具可行性的选择
Potential Solution: Open Access
潜在的解决方法:开放获取
Two Definitions of Open Access
开放获取的两种定义
2nd – Information freely accessible on the WWW; all use rights retained by copyright owner.
第二:信息在万维网上免费获取;所有使用权由版权所有者保留
This is the common understanding of Open Access.
这是对开放获取的普遍认识
Sources of Open Access
开放获取的资源
PubMed Central http://www.pubmedcentral.com
BioMed Central http://www.BioMedCentral.com/
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) http://www.doaj.org/
开放获取期刊指南
Institutional repositories like Ohio State University Libraries' Knowledge Bank https://kb.osu.edu/
各机构的知识仓库,如俄亥俄州立大学图书馆的知识银行
Ultimate Solution: Author's Rights
最终解决方法:作者权
Authors must retain ownership of their creative content
作者必须保留对他们创造性内容的所有权
Authors must transfer only those rights necessary for publication
作者必须仅转让出版所必须的那些权利
Authors must retain all other rights, specifying those of particular value to them or their institution.
作者必须保留所有其他权利,并详细说明那些对他们或他们所在机构有特殊价值的权利.
Examples of Author's Rights
作者权示例
To copy and distribute for teaching, conference presentations, and lectures.
为教学,会议和讲座复制和传播
To make an electronic version available on a website that the Author may control.
制作电子版本,放在作者可控制的网站上
To make an electronic version of the Work available on course management systems or electronic reserve systems
将作品的电子版本放在课程管理系统或电子预留系统中
To contribute and make available on a digital repository of works created at the Author's home institution.
捐赠给作者所在的机构,放在该机构的作品数字仓库中
In Summary
小结
In the digital world, all aspects of library collections and services are changing.
数字社会中,图书馆馆藏和服务的所有层面都在变化
Readers no longer want as much access to physical materials; they prefer digital access to information.
读者不如以前那样倚赖实物资料,而偏好以数字方式获取信息
Publishers are moving to digital formats and raising prices well beyond library budgets.
出版商转向出版数字型资料,提高的价格已超过图书馆预算
Publishers are forcing the licensing of content rather than ownership of content.
出版商推动以许可方式使用内容而不是拥有内容.
In Summary
小结
In response, libraries must shift from ownership of materials to access to information.
作为回应,图书馆必须从拥有资料转到拥有信息访问权限
Libraries must build their own digital warehouses of open access information.
图书馆必须建立自己的开放获取信息数字仓库
Libraries must educate faculty authors to retain their rights to use their intellectual content for educational and personal purposes.
图书馆必须教育教师作者保留为教育和个人用途使用他们知识内容的权利.
Trisha L. Davis
Head, Serials and Electronic Resources Department
期刊和电子资源部主任
The Ohio State University Libraries
俄亥俄州立大学图书馆
1858 Neil Avenue Mall 040B
Columbus, Ohio 43210
(614) 292-6314
davis.115@osu.edu
Welcome Trisha
to Wuhan University Library!
欢迎Trisha访问武汉大学图书馆!
The Effect of Copyright on Access to Electronic Resources
版权对获取电子资源的影响
Trisha L. Davis
The Ohio State University Libraries
俄亥俄州立大学图书馆
September 9, 2005
Wuhan University
Electronic Resources in Libraries
图书馆的电子资源
Library Web Sites 图书馆网站
Library and Consortia Catalogs
馆藏目录和联合目录
Full Text Databases 全文数据库
Electronic journals 电子期刊
E-Books 电子书
CD-ROMs and DVDs
Reader Preferences
读者的偏好
Desktop Access
桌面访问
Remote Access via the Internet
通过因特网远程访问
Integrated Searching
集成式检索
Ability to Use Digital Information in the Same Manner as Print Information
能象利用印刷文献那样利用数字信息
Library Challenges
对图书馆的挑战
Cost of Creating & Maintaining Online Sites
创建和维护网站的费用
Resources Needed to Provide Access to All Users
为所有用户提供访问服务所需的资源
Resources Needed to Assure Access Control
保证访问控制所需资源
Cost of Acquiring Materials in Digital Format
购买数字型资料的费用
Library Costs for Materials
图书馆采购资源的费用
Serials costs for US research libraries increased 210% between 1986-2001; the US average costs increased only 62%.
美国研究型图书馆1986至2001年连续出版物费用上涨210%;美国平均消费仅上涨62%
Book purchases declined by 9% between 1986-2000.
1986至2000年间,图书采购下降9%
US libraries used their budgets to maintain their journals collections.
美国图书馆利用预算经费维持期刊馆藏
Copyright vs Licensed Rights
版权与许可权
U.S. Copyright Law of 1976
美国1976版权法
Digital Millenium Copyright Act 0f 1998 (DMCA)
1998数字千年版权法案
U.S. Contract Law
美国合同法
U.S. Copyright Law
美国版权法
Bundle of 5 Rights 五项权利
Right to Reproduce – with exemption for libraries 复制权-图书馆免责
Right to Prepare Derivative Works – including abstracts, translations
创作衍生作品权-包括文摘,翻译
Right to Distribute 传播权
Right to Display Publicly 公开展示权
Right to Perform Publicly 公开表演权
Fair Use Exemption
合理使用免责
Right to Reproduce (and distribute on a limited basis) without permission of the copyright holder for:
不经版权所有者许可,复制(有限传播)的权利
Criticism 批评
Comment 评论
News reporting 新闻报道
Reaching – Scholarship – Research 学术研究
Home use 家庭使用
Fair Use Test
合理使用测试
4 Factor Test 测试的四因素
Commercial v. Non-Profit Use
商业与非盈利性使用
Number of Copies to be made
复制品的数量
Amount of Material copied
所复制材料的量
Effect on Market Potential
对市场潜力的影响
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
数字千年版权法案
Federal Law 联邦法
Does not allow creation of digital copies
禁止制作数字拷贝
Does not allow transmission of digital copies
For example, Google copying!
禁止传递数字拷贝,如Google copying.
Exemption for library preservation only.
仅图书馆保存资料可免责
Teach Act allows limited transmission of digital materials under very controlled situations
教育法案准许在严格控制的情形下有限传递数字资料
US Contract Law
美国合同法
Requires an "offer" of a sale or a lease of rights
要求一方出售或出租权利
Requires "acceptance" of contractual terms by both parties; may include negotiation of terms and counter-offers
要求双方接受合同条款;可以包括条款谈判和对等付出
Requires "consideration" which is a promise to exchange money, goods, or services
要求承诺交换金钱,商品或服务
Copyright vs Licensed Rights
版权与许可权
Contact law trumps copyright law
A signed license agreement can void Fair Use
合同法胜过版权法
签署许可协议可使合理使用条款无效
Copyright law applies to the sale of a copy
版权法应用于拷贝销售
Contract law governs leased rights
合同法支配出租权
Solution: Assure Fair Use rights are included in license agreement
解决方法:保证合理使用权利包含在许可协议中
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right to Use
使用的权利
Copyright Law
By purchaser, a borrower, any library patron
版权法
购买者,借阅者,任何图书馆用户
License Agreement
Only Authorized User or Users as defined in license
许可协议
仅授权用户或许可协议中定义的用户
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right to Make Copies
制作拷贝的权利
Copyright Law
By permission, Fair Use, ILL
版权法
经过允许,合理使用,馆际互借
License Agreement
By permission only (print or electronic)
No ILL if license fixes number of copies or defines Authorized Users
许可协议
仅经过允许(印刷或电子型)
如果协议规定拷贝数或定义授权用户,则禁止馆际互借
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right to Distribute
传播的权利
Copyright Law
By First Sale, Fair Use, ILL
版权法
通过首次销售,合理使用,馆际互借
License Agreement
By permission only
No copies distributed outside library, university,
No outside disclosure of information
许可协议
仅经过允许
禁止传播至图书馆,大学之外
禁止向外透露信息
Copyright v. Contract Rights
版权与合同权
Right of Performance or Display
表演或展示的权利
Copyright Law
Fair Use, Home Use, Face-to-Face Teaching
版权法
合理使用,家庭使用,面对面教授
License Agreement
Only Authorized User or Users as defined in license
许可协议
仅授权用户或许可协议中定义的用户
Potential Solution: Open Access
潜在的解决方法:开放获取
Two Definitions of Open Access
开放获取的两种定义
1st – Information freely available on the WWW; no limitations on use.
第一:信息在万维网上免费获取;无限制使用
This is not a viable option for most authors or publishers.
对多数作者和出版者来说不是具可行性的选择
Potential Solution: Open Access
潜在的解决方法:开放获取
Two Definitions of Open Access
开放获取的两种定义
2nd – Information freely accessible on the WWW; all use rights retained by copyright owner.
第二:信息在万维网上免费获取;所有使用权由版权所有者保留
This is the common understanding of Open Access.
这是对开放获取的普遍认识
Sources of Open Access
开放获取的资源
PubMed Central http://www.pubmedcentral.com
BioMed Central http://www.BioMedCentral.com/
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) http://www.doaj.org/
开放获取期刊指南
Institutional repositories like Ohio State University Libraries' Knowledge Bank https://kb.osu.edu/
各机构的知识仓库,如俄亥俄州立大学图书馆的知识银行
Ultimate Solution: Author's Rights
最终解决方法:作者权
Authors must retain ownership of their creative content
作者必须保留对他们创造性内容的所有权
Authors must transfer only those rights necessary for publication
作者必须仅转让出版所必须的那些权利
Authors must retain all other rights, specifying those of particular value to them or their institution.
作者必须保留所有其他权利,并详细说明那些对他们或他们所在机构有特殊价值的权利.
Examples of Author's Rights
作者权示例
To copy and distribute for teaching, conference presentations, and lectures.
为教学,会议和讲座复制和传播
To make an electronic version available on a website that the Author may control.
制作电子版本,放在作者可控制的网站上
To make an electronic version of the Work available on course management systems or electronic reserve systems
将作品的电子版本放在课程管理系统或电子预留系统中
To contribute and make available on a digital repository of works created at the Author's home institution.
捐赠给作者所在的机构,放在该机构的作品数字仓库中
In Summary
小结
In the digital world, all aspects of library collections and services are changing.
数字社会中,图书馆馆藏和服务的所有层面都在变化
Readers no longer want as much access to physical materials; they prefer digital access to information.
读者不如以前那样倚赖实物资料,而偏好以数字方式获取信息
Publishers are moving to digital formats and raising prices well beyond library budgets.
出版商转向出版数字型资料,提高的价格已超过图书馆预算
Publishers are forcing the licensing of content rather than ownership of content.
出版商推动以许可方式使用内容而不是拥有内容.
In Summary
小结
In response, libraries must shift from ownership of materials to access to information.
作为回应,图书馆必须从拥有资料转到拥有信息访问权限
Libraries must build their own digital warehouses of open access information.
图书馆必须建立自己的开放获取信息数字仓库
Libraries must educate faculty authors to retain their rights to use their intellectual content for educational and personal purposes.
图书馆必须教育教师作者保留为教育和个人用途使用他们知识内容的权利.
Trisha L. Davis
Head, Serials and Electronic Resources Department
期刊和电子资源部主任
The Ohio State University Libraries
俄亥俄州立大学图书馆
1858 Neil Avenue Mall 040B
Columbus, Ohio 43210
(614) 292-6314
davis.115@osu.edu
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